Zeera Siyah (Carum carvi) (Black Cumin)
Pharmacological action: Carminative, astringent, pectoral, detersive.
Zeera Safed (Cuminum cyminum) (Cumin)
Pharmacological action: Carminative, astringent, diuretic.
Medicinal use: Effective in dyspepsia, chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain.
Zafran (Crocus sativus) (Saffron)
Pharmacological action: Stimulant, exhilarant, stomachic and aphrodisiac.
Ustokhuddus (Lavandula stoechas) (Lavender)
Pharmacological action: Cephalic, nervine, carminative, expectorant, stimulant.
Ushba (Hemidesmus indicus) (Sarsaparilla)
Pharmacological action: Diuretic and blood purifier.
Todri Surkh (Cheiranthus cheiri) (Wall flower)
Pharmacological action: Cardiac tonic, aphrodisiac, expectorant, stomachic.
Tabashir (Bambusa arundinacea) (Bamboo)
Pharmacological action: Refrigerant, astringent, anthelmintic.
Sunbul Teeb (Valeriana officianalis) (True Valerian)
Pharmacological action: Nervine and hepatic tonic.
Soya (Anethum graveolens) (Dill)
Pharmacological action: Carminative, resolvent, diuretic, emmenagogue.
Azraqi (Strychnos nux-vomica) (Nux Vomica)
Pharmacological action: Nervine tonic, cerebral stimulant, stomach and bladder tonic.
Awsara Reywand (Garcinia Morella) (Gamboge)
Pharmacological action: Powerful hydragogue, cathartic, anthelmintic, anti-spasmodic.
Medicinal use: Effective in purging malhumours present in the body due to physiological or organ dysfunctions.
Asrol (Rauwolfia serpentina) (Snake root)
Pharmacological action: Antihypertensive, sedative, psychotropic.
Medicinal use: Effective in hysteria, high blood pressure, insomnia and irritative conditions of the central nervous system.
Asgand (Withania somnifera) (Winter Cherry)
Pharmacological action: Anti-rheumatic, diuretic.
Medicinal use: Effective in general debility, senile disorders, rheumatism, nervous exhaustion, loss of memory, spermatorrhea. Also effective in leucorrhea.
Asalas Soos (Glycyrrhiza glabra) (Liquorice)
Pharmacological action: Cooling, demulcent, expectorant, anti-inflammatory.
Medicinal use: Effective in relieving thirst and cough, purging the
Arosa (Adhatoda vasica) (Vasaka)
Pharmacological action: Expectorant and antispasmodic.
Medicinal use: Effective in cough, chest congestion, asthma, tuberculosis.
Aqarqarha (Chrysanthemum indicum) (Pyrethrum)
Pharmacological action: Anti-phlegmatic, stimulant, purifier of cephalic humors, cardiac tonic.
Medicinal use: Effective in purifying impurities from the cephalic region, improves potency and sperm count, relieves chest pain and sciatica.
Anjabar (Polyognum bistorta) (Vivaparous Bistort)
Pharmacological action: Anti-haemorrhagic and anti-bilious.
Medicinal use: Effective in internal hemorrhages, bloody piles,
Anar (Punica granatum) (Pomegranate)
Pharmacological action: Antringent, refrigerant, anti-diarrhea, diuretic.
Medicinal use: Effective in strengthening heart and liver and
Amla (Emblica officinalis) (Indian Gooseberry)
Pharmacological action: Carminative, diuretic and antiseptic, anti-oxidant.
Biranjasif (Achillea millefolium) (Yarrow)
Pharmacological action: Anti-inflammatory and carminative.
Bel Giri (Aegle marmelos) (Bael Fuit)
Pharmacological action: Mucilaginous, antidysenteric, antidiabetic.
Medicinal use: Effective in chronic dysentery, constipation,
Behroza (Pinus roxburghii) (Pine)
Pharmacological action: Anti-inflammatory, laxative, expectorant and purgative.
Behman Safed (Centaurea behen) (Behen)
Pharmacological action: Aphrodisiac, exhilarant and cardiac tonic.
Medicinal use: Effective in strengthening heart and improving
Beejband (Sida cordifolia) (Country Mallow)
Pharmacological action: Aphrodisiac, nervine and cardiac tonic, antispasmodic.
Balsan (Comiphora stocksiana) (Balsam)
Pharmacological action: Anti-phlegmatic, demulcent, expectorant, carminative, diuretic.
Bahera (Terminalia belerica) (Beleric Myrobalan)
Pharmacological action: Tonic for digestive tract.
Medicinal use: Effective in diseases of the brain, eyes, nose and ears mainly caused due to digestive problems.
Badiyan (Foenuculum vulgare) (Fennel)
Pharmacological action: Carminative
Medicinal use: Effective in indigestion, abdominal pain, gastritis, bad breathe.
Badaranj Boya (Nepeta hindostana) (Nepeta Herb)
Pharmacological action: Exhilarant, carminative, cephalic tonic, cardiac.
Medicinal use: Effective in giddiness, bronchitis, griping, muscular pain, asthma, headache, scabies.
Badam (Prunus amygdalus) (Almond)
Pharmacological action: Nutritive, nervine tonic, aphrodisiac.
Medicinal use: Effective in mental fatigue, throat and chest
Chareyla (Parmelia perlata) (Yellow Lichen)
Pharmacological action: Exhilarant, antiseptic, astringent, diuretic, sedative.
Chilgooza (Pinus gerardiana) (Chilgoza Pine)
Pharmacological action: Nutritive, sexual tonic.
Medicinal use: Effective in sexual weakness, spermatorrhea, seminal
Darchini (Cinnamomum cassia) (Cinnamon)
Pharmacological action: Carminative, antispasmodic, stimulant, antiseptic.
Darunaj Aqrabi (Doronicum hookeri) (Leopard Bane)
Pharmacological action: Cardiac and brain tonic, exhilarant
Medicinal use: Effective in palpitation, paralysis, melancholia,
Filfil Siyah (Piper nigrum) (Black Pepper)
Pharmacological action: Stimulant, carminative, antipyretic.
Medicinal use: Effective in cholera, dyspepsia, flatulence, diarrhea,
Gul Mundi (Sphaeranthus indicus) (Globe Thistle)
Pharmacological action: Nervine tonic, blood purifier.
Gul Surkh (Rosa damascene) (Rose)
Pharmacological action: Refrigerant, mild laxative and mild astringent.
Gaozaban (Onosma bracteatum) (Borage)
Pharmacological action: Demulcent, diuretic, antispasmodic, aphrodisiac.
Goond Katera (Cochlospermum gossypium) (Tragacanth)
Pharmacological action: Astringent, cooling, sedative, stomachic.
Medicinal use: Effective in normalizing body heat, irritation of eyes,
Illaichi Kalan (Amomum subulatum) (Greater Cardamom)
Pharmacological action: Carminative, astringent, diuretic.
Illaichi Khurd (Elettaria cardamomum) (Cardamom)
Pharmacological action: Stimulant, carminative, diuretic, cardiac tonic.
Ispaghol (Plantago ovata) (Spogel)
Pharmacological action: Mucilaginous, laxative.
Medicinal use: Effective in febrile conditions, chronic constipation,
Khas (Vetiveria zizanioides) (Cuscus Grass)
Pharmacological action: Exhilarant, cardiac and brain tonic.
Khubazi (Malva sylvestris) (Common Mallow)
Pharmacological action: Mucilaginous, demulcent, repercussive.
Medicinal use: Effective in pulmonary complaints such as dry
Khatmi (Althaea officinalis) (Marsh Mallow)
Pharmacological action: Suppurative, repercussive, emollient, expectorant.
Khulanjan (Alpinia galanga) (Galangal)
Pharmacological action: Anti-tuburculous, carminative, masticatory.
Medicinal use: Effective in phlegmatic condition, bronchitis,
Khajur (Phoenix sylvestris) (Dates)
Pharmacological action: Nutritive, cardiac and nervine tonic, aphrodisiac, digestive.
Kasni (Cichorium intybus) (Endive, Chicory)
Pharmacological action: Deobstruent, diuretic, blood purifier.
Medicinal use: Effective in reducing body heat and inflammation of the liver and spleen. Promotes bile secretion and digestion.
Kashneez (Coriandrum sativum) (Coriander)
Pharmacological action: Carminative, anti-flatulent, cardiac refrigerant.
Kabab Chini (Piper cubeba) (Cubebs)
Pharmacological action: Antiseptic, anti-inflammatory for genito-urinary and upper respiratory mucous membranes.
Kaafur (Cinnamomum camphora) (Camphor)
Pharmacological action: Coolant, sedative, anti-spasmodic, antiseptic, carminative.
Kaladana (Ipomoea hederacea) (Pharbitis seeds)
Pharmacological action: Cathartic, anthelmintic, blood purifier, purgative.
Loong (Syzygium aromaticum) (Clove)
Pharmacological action: Carminative, antiseptic, stimulant.
Mako (Solanum miniatum) (Black night shade)
Pharmacological action: Diuretic, repercussive, sedative, anodyne.
Mastagi (Pistacia lentiscus) (Mastic)
Pharmacological action: Diuretic, anti-inflammatory, aphrodisiac, expectorant.
Mocharas (Salmalia malabarica) (Silk Cotton Tree Gum)
Pharmacological action: Astringent, anticatarrhal, aphrodisiac.
Nag Kesar (Mesua ferrea) (Cobra’s Saffron)
Pharmacological action: Desiccative, vermicidal, anti-hemorrhoidal.
Nagar Mutha (Cyperus rotundus) (Sweet Cyperus)
Pharmacological action: Nervine tonic, anti-dyspeptic, attenuant.
Neem (Melia azadirachta) (Margosa)
Pharmacological action: Blood purifier, antiseptic, astringent.
Nelofar (Nelumbium nuciferum) (Water Lily)
Pharmacological action: Cardiac tonic, diuretic, cooling, sedative.
Pista (Pistacia vera) (Pistachio Nut)
Pharmacological action: Cardiac, cerebral and sexual tonic, expectorant.
Persiao-shan (Adiantum capillus-veneris) (Maiden Hair Fern)
Pharmacological action: Concoctive, expectorant, anticatarrhal.
Medicinal use: Effective in pneumonia, influenza, bronchitis and asthma.
Peepal (Piper longum) (Long Pepper)
Pharmacological action: Stomach tonic, aphrodisiac, diuretic, expectorant.
Reywand Chini (Rheum emodi) (Rhubarb)
Pharmacological action: Stimulant, liver tonic, diuretic.
Sunbul Teeb (Valeriana officianalis) (True Valerian)
Pharmacological action: Nervine and hepatic tonic.
Soya (Anethum graveolens) (Dill)
Pharmacological action: Carminative, resolvent, diuretic, emmenagogue.
Sooranjan Shireen (Colchicum autumnale) (Colchicum)
Pharmacological action: Anti-spasmodic, anti-phlegmatic, anti-rheumatic.
Shatara (Fumaria indica) (Fumitory)
Pharmacological action: Blood purifier, tonic and sedative, diuretic.
Shaqaqal Misri (Asparagus adscendens) (Garden Asparagus)
Pharmacological action: Aphrodisiac, antidiarrheal, antispasmodic, diuretic.
Sapistan (Cordia dichotoma) (Sebestan plum)
Pharmacological action: Demulcent, lubricant and tonic, expectorant.
Salab Misri (Orchis mascula) (Salep Orchid)
Pharmacological action: Mucilaginous, demulcent, aphrodisiac.
Sana Maki (Cassia senna) (Senna)
Pharmacological action: Cathartic, blood purifier, anthelmintic.
Sandal Safed (Santalum album) (Sandal)
Pharmacological action: Tonic for vital organs, disinfectant for respiratory and urogenital organs.
Ustokhuddus (Lavandula stoechas) (Lavender)
Pharmacological action: Cephalic, nervine, carminative, expectorant, stimulant.
Ushba (Hemidesmus indicus) (Sarsaparilla)
Pharmacological action: Diuretic and blood purifier.
Zeera Siyah (Carum carvi) (Black Cumin)
Pharmacological action: Carminative, astringent, pectoral, detersive.
Zeera Safed (Cuminum cyminum) (Cumin)
Pharmacological action: Carminative, astringent, diuretic.
Medicinal use: Effective in dyspepsia, chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain.
Zafran (Crocus sativus) (Saffron)
Pharmacological action: Stimulant, exhilarant, stomachic and aphrodisiac.